The pre-Islamic Arabs had 354 days in their calendar rather than the 365 days of the solar calendar. To make up this difference, leap months were added once every three years. But this practice was discontinued in the year 629, and the Qur'an even forbids adding leap months (Qur'an 9:36-37). Biographers like Ibn Ishaq record the month in which the events of Muhammad's life took place. Yet, Muhammad is never recorded doing anything on a leap month. Why is this?

Who are the companions of the elephant mentioned in Surah Al-Fil (The Elephant), what was their treacherous plan and how did it go astray?

Who built the Kaaba Sharif in Makkah? Did Ibrahim alaihi salaam and his son Ismail really build the Kaaba, I mean is it written in the Old Testament (Torah) and the Holy Quran?

Talha bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him) was one of the Ashara al-Mubasharîn bi-l-Janna . How did he die? Was it natural death? or, he died in battle? I would like to listen to both Sunni and Shi'a views, so please declare your view (to which sect it belongs) in the answer. Also I hope to see only answers with proofs/citations/references, answers that doesn't provide any kind of source will be utterly rejected.

I want to know ,what is the significance of 9th Rabi-ul-awwal ? Shia believes that on this day Mukhtar-al-Saqafi had send the heads of the killer's of imam Hussein to his family, after looking at them Imam Zainul Abedeen (a.s) smiled for the first time after tragedy of Karbala, hence they celebrate this day as ed-e-Zehra (Eid of the family of Zahra (a.s)) What is the authenticity of the above belief , I want to know authentic sources.

I got a Hadith, Given to me by a Shaikh, as reference of the significance of ***Nisf-e-Sha'ban (Nigh of 15th Sha'ban)***. Its reference is from **"Silsilat ul-Ahadith-as Sahiha", Classed as Sahih By Nasiruddin Albani**. As I am not a scholar, I could not verify it or understand the implementation of it. I am thus quoting the hadith from different web sites. Please let me know if this Hadith is Sahih then why some Shaikh deny the significance of this night and say that this night has no special significance. **First** > The companion Mu‘āth ibn Jabal narrated that the Prophet, (pbuh) said: “On the night of mid-Shaban, Allah looks at His creation and forgives all of them except for the polytheist and the quarrelsome or hateful person." **[At-Tabrāni]** [Classed as sahih by foremost Salafi hadith scholar, **Shaykh Nasiruddin Albani** in his **Silsilah Al-Sahīhah**] http://www.islamicity.org/10209/shaban-time-avoidance-headlessness/ **Second** > Allah turns towards his creation in the Night of “MID-SHABAN” and He forgives all of them except for a Mushrik and one who hates other people (**Albani calls it); “A SAHIH HADITH”** narrated by group of Sahaba with different routes (Turuq) such as from Muadh bin Jabal (ra), Abu Thalbah (ra) Abdullah bin Umar (ra), Abu Musa al Ashari (ra), Abu Hurraira (ra), Abu Bakr as Saddiq (ra), Awf bin Malik (ra) and Aisha (ra).The Hadith of Muadh bin Jabal (ra) comes through Makhul from Malik bin Yakhamir and **It is “MARFU” narrated by Ibn Abi Asim in his As-Sunnah Hadith #512** [**Nasir ud din Albani in Silsilat ul-Ahadith-as Sahiha, Volume No. 3, Page No. 135 #1144**] http://www.islamieducation.com/albani-on-laylatul-barah-ie-shab-e-baraat/ **Third** Imam Ibn Hajr Haythmi states : Narrated by Muaz bin Jabal (RA) from Prophet (Salallahu alaihi wa sallam) who said: Allah turns towards his creation in the Night of Mid-Shaban and He forgives all of them except for a Mushrik and one who hates other people **[Az Zawaid #12860]. Classed as Sahih by scholar Nasiruddin Albani in his silsilah Al-Sahihah.** http://thedailynewnation.com/news/54890/shab-e-barat--a-blessing.html **Fourth** > Allah turns towards his creation in the Night of "MID-SHABAN" and He forgives all of them except for a Mushrik and one who hates other people (Albani calls it); "A SAHIH HADITH" narrated by group of Sahaba with different routes (Turuq) such as from Muadh bin Jabal (ra), Abu Thalbah (ra) Abdullah bin Umar (ra), Abu Musa al Ashari (ra), Abu Hurraira (ra), Abu Bakr as Saddiq (ra), Awf bin Malik (ra) and Aisha (ra).The Hadith of Muadh bin Jabal (ra) comes through Makhul from Malik bin Yakhamir and It is "MARFU" narrated by Ibn Abi Asim in his **As-Sunnah Hadith #512 [Nasir ud din Albani in Silsilat ul-Ahadith-as Sahiha, Volume No. 3, Page No. 135 #1144]** http://salafiaqeedah.blogspot.com/2010/11/hush-hush-al-albani.html **Fifth** > Allah turns towards his creation in the Night of“MID-SHABAN” and He forgives all of them except for a Mushrik and one who hates other people Albani says in his “Silsilat as Sahiha”: (This is a) “SAHIH HADITH” narrated by group of Sahaba with different routes (Isnaad) such as from Muadh bin Jabal (ra), Abu Thalbah (ra) Abdullah bin Amr (ra), Abu Musa al Ashari (ra), Abu Hurraira (ra), Abu Bakr as Saddiq (ra), Awf bin Malik (ra) and Aisha (ra).The Hadith of Muadh bin Jabal (ra) comes through Makhul from Malik bin Yakhamir and It is “MARFU” narrated by Ibn Abi Asim in his **As-Sunnah Hadith #512 [Nasir ud din Albani in Silsilat as Sahiha, Volume No. 3, Page No. 135 #1144]** Ibn Taymiyah said in Iqtida’ al-sirat al-mustaqim: > [Some] said: There is no difference between this night (mid-Sha`ban) and other nights of the year. However, the opinion of many of the people of learning, and that of the majority of our companions (i.e. the Hanbali school) and other than them is that it is a night of superior merit, and this is what is indicated by the words of Ahmad (ibn Hanbal), in view of the many ahadith which are transmitted concerning it, and in view of what confirms this from the words and deeds transmitted from the early generations (al-athar al-salafiyya). Some of its merits have been narrated in the books of hadith of the musnad and sunan types. This holds true even if other things have been forged concerning it. **( Ref:Ibn Taymiyya, Iqtida’ al-sirat al-mustaqim p. 302.)** https://rasoolurrahmah.wordpress.com/2014/06/14/why-do-they-celebrate-the-15th-night-of-shabaan-shab-e-baraat/

I am currently researching about dhul hijjah and have not read what days specifically you are meant to fast, is anyone able to shed some light?

First of all, I am new to reading the Quran, so forgive me for any misunderstanding that I may cause. In Surat Al-Kahf aya 74 , the journey between Al-Khidr and Moses, Al-Khidr kills an innocent boy and later on explains to Moses that the boy's parents were of the believers and they feared lest he(the boy) should oppress them with rebellion and disbelief. Here is the the whole story is taken from alim.org . Not sure if I am citing the right source, so I would welcome any corrections: > Moses said to him (Khidr) "May I follow you so that you teach me something of that knowledge (guidance and true path) which you have been taught (by Allah)?" He (Khidr) said: "Verily! You will not be able to have patience with me! And how can you have patience about a thing which you know not?" Moses said: "If Allah will, you will find me patient, and I will not disobey you in aught." He (Khidr) said: "Then, if you follow me, ask me not about anything till I myself mention it to you. So they both proceeded, till, when they were in the ship, he (Khidr) scuttled it. Moses said: "Have you scuttled it in order to drown its people? Verily, you have done Imra - a Munkar (evil, bad, dreadful) thing." He (Khidr) said: "Did I not tell you, that you would not be able to have patience with me?" (Moses) said: "Call me not to account for what I forgot, and be not hard upon me for my affair (with you)." Then they both proceeded, till they met a boy, he (Khidr) killed him. Moses said: "Have you killed an innocent person who had killed none? Verily, you have done Nukra a great Munkar (prohibited, evil, dreadful) thing!" (Khidr) said: "Did I not tell you that you can have no patience with me?" (Moses) said: "If I ask you anything after this, keep me not in your company, you have received an excuse from me." Then they both proceeded, till, when they came to the people of a town, they asked them for food, but they refused to entertain them. Then they found therein a wall about to collapse and he (Khidr) set it up straight. (Moses) said: "If you had wished, surely you could have taken wages for it!" (Khidr) said: "This is the parting between me and you. I will tell you the interpretation of (those) things over which you were unable to hold patience. 'As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working in the sea. So I wished to make a defective damage in it, as there was a king after them who seized every ship by force. **"And as for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared lest he should oppress them by rebellion and disbelief. So we intended that their Lord should change him for them for one better in righteousness and near to mercy.** "And as for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the town; and there was under it a treasure belonging to them, and their father was a righteous man, and your Lord intended that they should attain their age of full strength and take out their treasure as a mercy from your Lord. And I did it not of my own accord. That is the interpretation of those (things) over which you could not hold patience. Surah 18: 60-82 (**Bold emphasis is mine.**) *Please submit your answer with authentic sources.*

I really find no reason to apply a blanket "Radiyallahu Anhu"(Allah is pleased with him) to all Sahaba specially those involved in fighting with Ahlebayt and breaking pledge with Hasan A.S? Also I found no Ahadith mentioning virtues of Muaviyah almost all other major sahabas have meritorious hadith praising them >Quran 9:100. And the first to embrace Islam of the Muhajirun (those who migrated from Makkah to Al-Madinah) and the Ansar (the citizens of Al-Madinah who helped and gave aid to the Muhajirun) and also those who followed them exactly (in Faith). **Allah is well-pleased with them as they are well-pleased with Him**. He has prepared for them Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise), to dwell therein forever. That is the supreme success. I have the understanding that the verse Sura Tauba 9:100 from where "Radiyallahu Anhu" is taken applies at least to all to Muhajir and Ansar and Muawiyah was neither, does he also include in 9:100? Is my understanding correct as I respect all Sahabas ? but my heart does not allow me to say this after such people? And I believe but not sure of earliest texts of the first three generations of Muslims ever applied any salutation to any of the Sahaba.

The ashhur al-Hurum الاشهر الحرم or (four) sacred months (Dhu-l-Qi'adah, Dhu-l-Hijjah, Moharram and Rajab) are well defined in the qur'an and sunnah: - > Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve [lunar] months in the register of Allah [from] the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are sacred. That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them. And fight against the disbelievers collectively as they fight against you collectively. And know that Allah is with the righteous [who fear Him]. (9:36 ) - > The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Time has come back to its original state which it had when Allah created the Heavens and the Earth; the year is twelve months, four of which are sacred. Three of them are in succession; **Dhul-Qa'da**, **Dhul-Hijja** and **Al-Muharram**, and (the fourth being) **Rajab** Mudar (named after the tribe of Mudar as they used to respect this month) which stands between Jumada (ath-thani) and Sha'ban." (Sahih al-Bukhari ) It is said that during these months we should carefully observe our deeds be it good ones or bad ones (due to the verse mentioned above) saying: > "so do not wrong yourselves during them." further scholars often said that the rewards for good deeds get multiplied and the retribution of misdeeds too. Is there a concrete evidence for that?

we have listen to many people to that first look at the moon of RABI UL AWAL AND wish what ever you want will probably come true but some people said that it is haram because moon is the creation of ALLAH and we should not dua in front of moon we should directly ask it from ALLAH SO WHAT is correct.

It is known that we were ordered to pay namaz 5 times a day by ALLAH HIMSELF . I don't have any references , nor do I have much knowledge can somebody please help with a little history for Jummah namaz . When did it started , its meaning and its importance

I want to ask about sexual relations and marriages with mahrams e.g siblings because I read that at time of Hazrat Adam their children had intercourse with each other and so why can't we do it now if that was legal then and they were the prophet's children not any lusty or unislamic people Plz clear my misunderstanding

In the time of the prophet when the wars took place. How did the islamic soldiers fight? Did they just randomly swing their swords at their enemy or did they have some sort of fighting system which they practised? I'm assuming they practised some sort of fighting technique which used swords. Does anyone know if this is true and what system they used?

There are two school of thought on Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) visit to the Heavens (sky) and meet God. One school says 1. This happened in real (this is more authentic). 2. This was shown to the prophet in a dream only My question is now that we know Earth is round, there are no 7 skies, there is no air above certain altitude where you can breath, you cannot survive without space suite and oxygen and you cannot survive at -273C temperature and there were no witnesses. + Prophet Muhammad never said anything that would have proved the visit otherwise. For example he never pointed that the earth was round, he never said anything about the stars, the moon. This would mean, in plain scientific terms, this was just an imagination and nothing close to reality. Muslims often explain things in Quran logically and scientifically. If I go by logic, this event by all means says it is false. But it is an important event. That is when 5 prayers/day were imposed. How can I convince myself that this happened in real, while all the odds are against it. Did it happen in real?

I came across to [this video](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euO_pTHQKl4) . Imam and people around him are flogging themselves. Why? What does this mean in Islam? any hadith or Quran to back this up? PS: I am not being funny or insulting anyone.

Jummah is considered the best day of the week. Why is it so important? ---------- *The purpose of this question is to have detailed, high quality answers detailing the importance of Jummah.*

Mansur Al-Hallaj was a teacher of Sufism, and wrote a lot of poetry and was accused of heresy in accordance to Islamic law. **My main question is:** **Was Masur Al-Hallaj's execution Islamically justified?** My issues to the matter are: He was a writer of poetry, poetry is not literal but allegorical. According to my reading of Islamic history, Muhammad (swt) loved poetry. (His conviction of heresy was based on his poetry.) As well as far as my research goes, Mansur Al-Hallaj never admitted to heresy. **My second question:** **The Abbasid Caliph Al-Muqtadir who believe he was doing the proper thing to Mansur Al-Hallaj for heresy, what is his fate if Masur Al-Hallaj was actually innocent?** *Note: Just in case any thinks this question is mostly opinion based, it is not. I am clearly focused on whether Al-Hallaj's execution was Islamically justified based on Sharia law.*

Every biography I've read so far says that by the time of Muhammad's (pbuh) birth, the fortunes of his clan, the Bani Hashim, had declined considerably. But I'm confused about the cause of this decline, what exactly **decline** means in this case, and especially the reasons for it to have happened so rapidly. Some details on why I'm confused: In his book "Muhammad: His Life Based on The Earliest Sources", Martin Lings goes over some of the history of the Quraysh leading up to Muhammad's birth. Lings reports that Hashim, son of Abd Manaf bin Qusayy, was granted the right of caring for pilgrims and levying the tax, and also that Hashim was held in high honor. Lings goes on to say that when Hashim's son Abd al-Muttalib (Muhammad's grandfather) rediscovered the well of Zamzam, a share of the treasure buried there went to Abd al-Muttalib, and the other clans of Quraysh ceded the rights over Zamzam to the Bani Hashim. This seems like an excellent position of wealth -- and especially political power -- for the Bani Hashim. How did the clan fall from such a height by Muhammad's day, even while Abd al-Muttalib was still alive? What does it mean in particular that the Bani Hashim had declined? Had they used up all their money? Had they somehow lost all their political power? What could have caused such a catastrophic decline? **Edit**: perhaps the decline occurred because Abd al-Muttalib was extremely generous with charity and hospitality. If that is the case, then I wonder: did the customs in those days prevent generous people from investing some of their wealth to grow it so they could be even more charitable and hospitable to more people? Or another way to ask: would the rules of charity and hospitality require people to bankrupt themselves?

In the event when the was sun returned, technically rose from west to east, after having set. > [.. the revelation from Allah descended upon His Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, and it overwhelmed him. Ali b. Abi Talib, may peace be upon him, covered him (i.e. the Prophet) with his cloth, till the sun set. When the revelation ceased, the Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, said: "O Ali! Have you offered your Asr prayers?" He said: "No O, messenger of Allah! My attendance upon you prevented me from that." Then the Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, prayed: "O Allah, cause the sun to return for Ali b. Abi Talib". The sun had set, so it rose again till its rays reached my room and half the height of the Mosque."](http://imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=3661) Why was Ali (as)'s attendance to Muhammad (saww) more important than salah/prayer?* Was that a special case?* Or is it a general rule that attendance of the Prophet(saww), when in need, takes precedence over salah/prayer and/or other obligations? Bonus question: Which surah(s)/chapter(s) and ayah(s)/verse(s) was/were being revealed? *Note: The authenticity of the above mentioned event is not under question here.* *those who consider this event inauthentic may skip it because this is not the main purpose of this question