Which Ahadith and references from the scholars could be provided to answer this question?

Salam, i have just started praying and i am in the process of learning more about islam. While I know you can make dua during sujood, i was wondering if it is permissible to ask for worldly things like marriage/a specific person for marriage and whether it can be done in English. The second part of my question is related to duas before and after tasleem. Some say it can be done before tasleem, others say it can be done after tasleem. What is the proper way to do it as I want to make sure I do not make a mistake. (My questions relate to prayers done at home) Thank you

I was taught as a kid to raise my finger when I'm reciting the shahadat and then stopped practicing Islam and now in my thirties trying to start practicing it again and starting to do the 5-daily namaz. However, I am finding that my cat sees the raised finger when I'm on the ground as a perfect time to give my finger a face rub. Based on hadith, I understand his actions (he's a male cat) don't violate the wudu or prayer but can I move him off of my prayer mat while reciting the next part or should I just let him be, ignore him and focus on prayer? Would me reverting to wordly affairs during prayer to remove a worldly distraction while reciting the words and after having made niyat invalidate the prayer?

Salamo3alaykom, I have a question regarding the linguistics after the tashahhud. للَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ "حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَعَلَى آلِإِبْرَاهِيمَ، فِي الْعَالَمِينَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ In this sentence what's the difference between صلّ and برك? I know that صلٌ in this context doesn't mean "praying" because Allah subhana wa ta'ala definitely does NOT pray since he is Allah.but it might mean "sending blessings ", but also barik means "sending blessings". I've found some BAD rough translations in Italian and French that in this very context translate صلّ as praying, and I thought in myself that this is impossible because Allah subhana wa ta'ala does NOT pray because He is Allah (so this would be shirk because there's no superior over Allah), the All-Mighty. So can someone clarify the difference between برك and صلّ in this context please?

Salam I've got a question about prayer, the tashahhud/at-tahiyat part. When I was saying the Attahiyyaatu lillaahi wassalawaatu part I didn't say lillaahi. Does that invalid my prayer if I miss a word? Also because I didnt know that I was meant to say that word (i forgot).

Assalamu alaikum Is it mandatory to sit in the tawarruk or iftirash position while praying? because I am unable to sit that way while praying.

I wanted to know if it is permissible to recite the duas from the Quran after the last Tashahudd in prayer. I know that I can make duas after the last Tashahudd but I am wondering if there are any restrictions on Quranic duas at that stage.

Heard the last atayya on a salaat has addiditon du'ah after its recitation. Is that true and what's the du'ah.

In Tashahhud, Muslims say: > ٱلتَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّٰهِ وَٱلصَّلَوَاتُ وَٱلطَّيِّبَاتُ، ٱلسَّلَامُ > عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ ٱللَّٰهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ But recently, I've found out, there are some Muslims who pray like so: > التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَى > النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ Now, I am aware of the saying in which the 2nd supplication is mentioned where a companion is saying (paraphrasing): > When Prophet was alive, we used to pray the 1st supplication and when > he died, we changed it to the 2nd supplication. According to my knowledge, none of the 4 Imams has used the 2nd supplication & it was neither taught by the Prophet himself! Also, I don't think any big scholar like Nawawi, Ibn Hajar etc has allowed the 2nd supplication! Question: --- Is there anyone before 18th century who has used the saying of the companion (above) as a Hujja to use 2nd supplication in prayer? Anyone from the Salaf? Or any big scholar? If so, please provide authentic evidence... Thanks.

There are many hadiths ruling on the 'forefinger rule' but I have no problem with them. I have studied the book, 'Guide to prayer from beginning to end'. There I read hadiths and also from other sources, I got knowledge about the 'forefinger rule' but I didn't get any of them ruling on raising down the finger along with raising it up. So my question is: Should we lower our index finger after testifying with it or is it to be still raised until end of prayer? And also tell me when exactly to raise it and, if it *is* to be moved down, when it is to be done exactly?

When praying 3 rakats and 4 rakats, there are two tashahhuds. So, when I’m sitting down in my second rakat, can I say the salawat before standing up and continuing my final two rakats?

Re-reading the answer to my question https://islam.stackexchange.com/q/32644/17163 , I encounter the importance of tashahhud . I'm embarrassed to admit it, but I haven't been doing tashahhud. After five months, I think it's no longer reasonable for me to use the excuse "...but I'm a new Muslim". While other aspects of my prayer seem fine (comparable to the other women at mosque), there's two obstacles: 1. I'm brand new to Arabic. 2. I don't belong to a sect ("...just a Muslim"), and I don't intend to (as per Qur'an 6:159 ; and I perceive them mostly as an obstruction to submitting to Allah). The Wikipedia page lists five different ones according to various sects [(a) Hanafi and Hanbali, (b) Maliki, (c) Shafii, (d) Ja'fari, and (e) Zaidi]. Basically, I want to avoid choosing one over the others. The attitude expressed in the question https://islam.stackexchange.com/q/10677/17163 also gives me the impression I should avoid "choosing a side". If I were to put my mind to it, I could memorize the Arabic (I can recite al Fatihah after all; and it seems I need to recite it in each rakaa, so at least 2+4+4+3+4=17 times per day, so I'd get used to it quickly). However, it seems different sects recite different tashahhud (though fairly similar in content) and I'm reluctant to single out one. **Question**: Is there a sect-neutral tashahhud? For example, could I just say the shahada instead? Or is there a version that the Prophet Muhammad is known to say?

If I miss one or more rakah with imam, and I need to complete it after tasleem of imam, in the last sitting of prayer with imam, should I recite only tashahud, or all tashahud, durood and dua ma'surah as well? Please answer with reference.

Does raising your hands after tashahud to make dua durin salah invalidate salah? I heard that doing so during salah is bidah.

السلام عليكم، Do Prophet Muhammad (SAW) hear us when we say السلام عليك ايها النبي {translation: Peace be upon you O Prophet (SAW)} in our prayer when we reciting tashhud? There are sects which say Prophet (SAW) is alive and hear our salutions; But why followers of other sects still read this in tashahud, when they strictly condemn this believe and say He (SAW) is died just like any other person? Thank you.

With my right hand, I create a ring with my thumb and middle finger and raise the index finger from the very start of the tashahhud and drop it just before the tasleem. It is kept pointing towards the Qibla at 90 degrees to the ground without moving it and my eyes are fixed to it as opposed to the place of sujood.

When I first learnt how to pray *salat*, I was taught as part of the *tashahud* to recite the phrase "السلام عليكم أيها النبي." I am hardly fluent in Arabic, but my translation of the above is basically "Peace be upon you, oh prophet." As a native English speaker this has always felt wrong to me, as using the second-person pronoun "you" suggests that I am speaking (and thus praying) directly *to* the prophet, rather than to God Almighty; this brings to me concerns of *shirk*. My question here isn't about whether reciting the *tashahud* itself is required, or exactly what form it should take; I am more concerned about the actual Arabic construction of the sentence itself. Does the use of "كم" (or, as I have also seen used, "ك") in this case have the same connotations in Arabic? Or can it be reasonably used to refer to a third-party in a manner not seen in English?

Suppose a person, who believes in one god, starts doing salah (prayers) as he loves Allah and his messenger and trusts them, but he does not accept Islam because of family and social problems. He does salah, pays zakkah, and does not break the rules which Allah has given to his messengers. **Question:** When he prays 5 times a day, he reads the shahadah after wudu and in tashahud as we all do. Has he become a Muslim by reading shahadah even though he does not want to accept Islam?

I noticed a particular line in the Tashahhud > Salutations to God and prayers and good deeds. **Peace be upon you, O Prophet**, and the mercy of God and his blessings. Peace be on us and on the righteous servants of God. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His messenger. The bolded section seems like it is directed to Muhammad. This rings a similar tone with some Christian prayers, in which we pray to the saints (people in heaven) but **not** worship them. Like most of Christianity, does Islam make a distinction between prayer and worship?

Can someone point me to where this comes from? I don't know Arabic so I've had to transliterate: >*attahiyaatu lillahi was salawaat at tayyibaat. as salaamu alan nabee wa rahmatullahi wa barakat. as salaamu alaynaa wa alal ibaad as saaliheen. ashhadu alaa ilaaha il allah washhadu anna mohammed ur rasoolallah*