As Salam alaykum. I have several questions regarding different matters that i'd like to understand. First is the punishment of Non Muslim slaves I'd like to know if they were punished according to Shariah when they drank/ate pork/committed zina/stole or did anything that was against islam even if that thing was allowed in their religion or where they punished according to their religious rules like the free dhimmis who managed their affairs between themselves? Or even, were these non Muslim slaves allowed to drink and eat pork and do whatever was allowed in their religion? The second question is about if qisas is applied on different people like when a master unjustly kills his slave, is he killed in return? If not, why? If not killed, is the master obliged to pay diyah money to the relatives of the slave if they are free people or slaves? Is a slave punished by death if he kills his master for defending himself against an injust attempt at murder by the master or attempt at abusing him physically or for an unvolountary murder of the master, like an accident? Also I'd like to know if a parent can be killed if he kills his child willingly and if the child as a minor and as an adult is killed if he kills his parent? Because I've seen that a parent isn't killed for killing of his child and a master isn't killed for the killing of his slave even if it was a voluntary murder and I'd like to understand why the status of a parent and a master prevents the Qisas? I'd like to understand also if a leader can be killed for killing someone injustly or if his statues as a leader also nullifies the Qisas? Jazakum'Allahu khayran if you take the time to answer all my questions 🤲

In Islam, isn’t there a principle that the victim or their relatives can demand retribution against the attacker, essentially ‘an eye for an eye’? So, what about a situation where, for example, a driver accidentally hits and injures a person, causing them to become disabled? Could the victim or his relatives demand that the driver’s bones also be broken and that he be made disabled? I often wonder about this because there are many such cases worldwide.

Who implements the punishment of Qisas or Hadd if the convict is a slave? Is it Master of Slave or a person appointed by the Qadhi? **Specifically Want to Know the position of Hanbali Madhab.**

Is it correct that kin punishment can be used according to the Sharia? Wikipedia says certain bedouins consider it correct to kill members of the murderer's family, based on the Sharia.

According to Islamic law, are there any cases in which imprisonment is prescribed as a punishment? And what alternatives exist? I am familiar with a few such as flogging, stoning and limb amputation but I have not come across imprisonment!

What is the prescribed punishment if one kills their slave intentionally? Is there a hadd punishment? Does blood money have to be paid? What does Sharia have to say about this?

There was a case where a father killed the mother and the children demanded death sentence for the father. But it was rejected by the court because it said it was violating Islamic Law. It stated: "The Islamic jurisprudence stipulates that if a husband has become an heir to the deceased and an heir to the blood after the death of his wife, a son or daughter cannot demand for retribution or revenge for their father." Can anyone provide evidences for this rule?

States who have the death penalty for murder tend to have a common way of executing the offender, such as the electric chair, lethal injection, firing squad, decapitation etc. What are Islam's teachings on this? Is there freedom to choose the method or are there any restrictions?

Context of this hadith? > A Muslim is not to be killed for the murder of a non-Muslim. [Al-Bukhari]

As far as I'm aware, at least some schools of law (in particular, the Shafiis) say that qisas does not apply in the case of a parent killing his/her child, and only diyya applies. I can't seem to find any sources outlining who is entitled to receive diyya in this case? I don't know how to determine the recipient of diyya/the people having the right to waive qisas in murder cases in general, but this particular constellation is probably different from other constellations.

> Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light. The prophets who submitted [to Allah ] judged by it for the Jews, as did the rabbis and scholars by that with which they were entrusted of the Scripture of Allah, and they were witnesses thereto. So do not fear the people but fear Me, and do not exchange My verses for a small price. **And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the disbelievers.** And We ordained for them therein a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds is legal retribution. But whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him. **And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the wrongdoers.**
> Qur'an 5:44-45 I'm wondering who this applies to specifically. As far as I'm aware, qisas punishment goes through a Sharia court. So, I would expect it's not your average Joe Muslim who is "judging" in this verse, but rather judges or qadi , or people who are qualified to judge in some way. However, this might also be interpreted as meaning a kind of "personal judgment", such as a belief that "a life for a life", etc., is fair and just, as ordained by Allah. **Question**: Does "whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed" only apply to judges (qadi)? I found this tafsir: > ... whoever does not show what the Qur'an has shown nor act according to it: (such are wrong-doers) who harm themselves with punishment.
> Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs This suggests that qisas might be the "tip of the iceberg", referring to judging by all Muslims in all ways. It's not too clear to me, though.

For example, suppose that a tooth-less person breaks the teeth of another, or an eye-less person pokes out another's eye, or a woman cuts off a man's penis, or a man cuts off a woman's breasts etc. Like-for-like retaliation is not possible, so what happens if the victim demands Qisas? My guess is that substitutions are defined or the victim has to settle for monetary compensation only.