I know this can be subjective to each individual, so I am only looking for a general idea rather than a definitive answer. Is it once one is at anagami stage? Or does the gross desire leave before, at certain stages of practice? Like jhana stages as an example? I remember Yutadhammo specifically stating in a video that the desire for sex is actually a relatively easy desire to be free from. Gross desire and more stronger, ingrained desires are much harder to rid oneself of. Though I expect that was also a individual experience.

I can devote 7 hours total to meditation + sleep per day. Should I do 5 hours of sleep and 2 hours of mediation (1 hour twice) **or** 6 hours of sleep and 1 hour of meditation? Please explain your reasons why. Will 2 hours of meditation increase my productivity? Please explain from your own experience, not any bookish knowledge Will meditating twice give me **twice** as much benefit as meditating once?

I have been researching the distinction between Samatha-Vipassana (Tranquility-Insight) and Sukkha-Vipassana (Dry Insight), and I am encountering textual references that suggest serious soteriological and psychological risks when the "dry" approach is uncoupled from its ethical and emotional foundations. Specifically, I am looking for Sutta or Commentary references that address the following three doctrinal pitfalls, particularly for practitioners who may be isolated from a Sangha: - The Misunderstanding of Desire (Chanda vs. Tanha): The Brahmana Sutta (SN 51.15) establishes that Chanda (desire/zeal) is necessary to complete the path ("desire to end desire"). Is there a recognized danger of a practitioner confusing Chanda with Tanha (craving), leading to a state of "spiritual apathy" where they suppress the very volition needed to emerge from suffering? How does the Abhidhamma distinguish the function of Chanda in the Iddhipadas from the craving to be abandoned? - The Near Enemy of Equanimity (Indifference): The Visuddhimagga (Chapter IX & XX) identifies "Indifference" (aññāṇupekkhā or gehasita-upekkha) as the "near enemy" of Upekkha (Equanimity). Doctrinally, how does one distinguish between a noble "letting go" and a pathological "dissociation" or depression, particularly if the practitioner is experiencing "dry" insight without the counterbalancing factors of Piti (Rapture) or Pasada (Faith)? Are there suttas that warn against adukkhamasukha (neutral feeling) being mistaken for wisdom? - The "Salt Crystal" Dynamic and Mitigation of Kamma: The Kimatthiya Sutta (AN 11.1) links Sila (virtue) causally to Non-remorse and eventually Samadhi. Furthermore, the Lonaphala Sutta (AN 3.101) suggests that a "developed mind" (large body of water) mitigates the "salt" of kamma. If a practitioner skips the cultivation of "wet" virtues (generosity, community, active merit-making) and dives straight into "dry" observation, does the canon predict a specific type of "meditation sickness" or mental rigidity? Does the Sivaka Sutta (SN 36.21) offer a corrective to the view that all physical/mental distress during practice is "karmic purification" that must be passively endured? I am interested in whether the texts treat "Dryness" not just as a technique (no Jhana), but as a potentially dangerous deficiency in the Seven Factors of Enlightenment (specifically the lack of Piti-sambojjhanga), and if such a deficiency is linked to "Wrong Deliverance" or Niyati-ditthi (fatalism).

This question was inspired by [an earlier one](https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/51807/do-any-sub-sects-of-buddhism-have-the-concept-of-eternal-hell) . In [DN27](https://suttacentral.net/dn27/en/sujato#10.2) , it was mentioned: > As the cosmos contracts, sentient beings are mostly headed for the realm of streaming radiance. I recalled hearing a Dharma talk ages ago that as a great aeon ends, all the lower realms are emptied (perhaps, destroyed?) and beings are reborn into the higher realms. This appeared to be what the above sutra is alluding to. Correct me if I am wrong. Does this mean that all the hell beings (even those in the lowest hell) will also be promoted to the higher realm? What happens to their bad karma, is it suspended? Or is the contraction of the universe halted until these beings had expired their bad karma?

When we study with concentration and our mind gets distracted, we bring it back to the very subject we study. The same thing we do in meditation; when our mind gets distracted we bring it back to breath. So isn't studying also meditation?

*Sorry; part of this question is described in Chinese, as I cannot find their Pali or Sanskrit script; even if I can, I can't read them.* The Saddharmapundarika Sutra (法华经) quoted Buddha (Sakyamuni himself) once said about "Saddharma Vipralopa (末法)", the Ending Era in which Buddhism would become unpopular and weak (转复微末，谓末法时). Later commentary scripts claimed Buddha said "there is 500 years of correct Buddism, 1000 years of similar Buddhism and 3000 years of Ending Buddhism after my nirvana" (然佛所说，我灭度后，正法五百年，像法一千年，末法三千年). This saying is believed to be real but also there are different interpretation. Some source said Samyuktagama (杂阿含经) mentioned Ending Era (Saddharma Vipralopa) much earlier, but I didn't find. Based on the idea that Buddha said "500+1000 years after his nirvana, it is the Ending Era", the Mahayana Jingtu faction (净土宗) and 净土-influenced Tiantai faction (天台宗) thus believe we are now in the Ending Era of Buddhism, and developed a full system of getting liberated in this current era. These are, however, not accepted by Zen faction (禅宗), another major Mahayana faction in China. Zen believe the Ending Era is real but it is not that bad and the timetable is not referring to real time. > 末世众生愚痴钝根，不解如来三大阿僧祇秘密之说，遂言成佛尘劫未期，岂不疑误行人退菩提道。 I want to know, are these 3 creeds (below) also accepted in other factions of Buddhism, especially different factions of Theravada out of Sinosphere? Or, are these thoughts denied or left intentionally not to discuss? 1. There is an Ending Era of Buddhism after Buddha's nirvana. 2. The Ending Era is very bad, Buddhism becomes unpopular and wrong, and people are too stupid to get nirvana by themselves. 3. We are currently in this Ending Era. --------------- I think maybe some faction may deny the idea of Ending Era; for example, another translated book named "Ekottara Āgama (增壹阿含经)" said the Buddhism after Buddha will last forever and gain billions of believers. > 佛告阿难曰。我灭度之后。法当久存......东方弟子无数亿千。南方弟子无数亿千。是故。阿难。当建此意。我释迦文佛寿命极长。所以然者。肉身虽取灭度。法身存在。此是其义。当念奉行。 Maybe some of them is fake, wrong, or intepreted mistakenly. I don't know, and don't want to discuss which is correct and which is wrong, they are all ancient and said to be translated from India. My question is only, is there any other faction believe "it's the Ending Era now, the End is nigh!".

In Hindu cosmology, time is divided into four Yugas (Satya, Treta, Dvapara, Kali), with Satya Yuga, the first epoch described as a kind of utopian golden age and Kali Yuga as an age of decline and moral degradation—the one we are said to be living in now. My question is: - Does Buddhism have a similar concept of cyclical ages, especially a notion of a "golden age" vs. an "age of decline"? - If so, how is this described in Buddhist texts?

When you meditate with ADHD, the difficulty level of life drops a lot. If you then practice the noble eightfold path in order to come closer to nibbana, you're sort of doing that on a wheelchair. If you stop meditating, ADHD will come back full force, and you still have 0 experience of being on the noble eightfold path on that difficulty level. Could meditating be a hindrance toward enlightenment, for that reason? Aren't you making it too easy for yourself?

(Not sure if i should break this down into two questions. Let me know if that's better.) 1. Is Gautama Buddha the originator of the idea of skandhas? 2. The suttas provides multiple accounts of the skandhas characteristics, and their foundational role in dukkha (For instance SN 22.86 ). But does the suttas provide a rationale for the taxonomy into these five particular skandhas? (To clarify, i'm not asking what the skandhas are, or how they function). In other words: *why* rupa, vedana, sanna, sankharas and vinnana? Are the reasons detailed in any sutta? Or should this question be deemed acinteyya?

Last year I was walking in the "Camino de Santiago", in Spain, where I met a guy who showed me a symbol engraved in the stone of a bridge. It was a Sun that reflected its rays on the sea. He told me that it was related to Nirvana and the path one has to follow. When I came back from the journey, I tried looking for this symbol on the internet, but didn't find anything about it. The most similar one I found it has been the Unalome symbol. But it seems that all its references are linked to the tatoos, and I didn't find any wikipedia page or Buddhist website talking about it. Back to my question, is the Unalome a Buddhist symbol? Is there a Buddhist symbol similar to the one I have described? I've found the real image, can be find here in google maps photo: https://maps.app.goo.gl/moymLNdJ3LjtrZBt6

In the Attavaggo (Dhammapada, ch. 12) the concept of attā (self) is seen to be employed not merely as a grammatical reflexive but also as a reflexive locus of ethical regulation:- > ***Attānañ-ce piyaṁ jaññā rakkheyya naṁ surakkhitaṁ, tiṇṇam-aññataraṁ yāmaṁ paṭijaggeyya paṇḍito*** > > If one regards oneself as dear one should guard oneself right well, > during one of the three watches of the night the wise one should stay > alert. > > ***Attānam-eva paṭhamaṁ patirūpe nivesaye, athaññam-anusāseyya, na kilisseyya paṇḍito.*** > > First one should establish oneself in what is suitable, then one can > advise another, the wise one should not have any defilement. furthermore, > ***Attā hi attano nātho, ko hi nātho paro siyā?Attanā va sudantena nāthaṁ labhati dullabhaṁ.*** > > For the self is the friend of self, for what other friend would there > be? > > When the self is well-trained, one finds a friend that is hard to > find. > > ***Attanā va kataṁ pāpaṁ, attanā saṅkilissati, attanā akataṁ pāpaṁ, attanā va visujjhati, suddhī asuddhī paccattaṁ, nāñño aññaṁ > visodhaye.*** > > By oneself alone is a wicked deed done, by oneself is one defiled,by > oneself is a wicked deed left undone, by oneself is one purified, > purity and impurity come from oneself, for no one can purify another. (Dhp 12) These verses presuppose that the one who restrains, guards, and disciplines attā at an earlier point is meaningfully the same one who later benefits from that restraint. The ethical logic of delayed gratification, self-restraint, and self-evaluation appears to require a notion of diachronic identity - that the “self” at time t₁ stands in a special relation to the “self” at time t₂. However, the Nikāyas elsewhere explicitly deny personal identity over time in any strong sense, rejecting the view that “the one who acts is the same as the one who experiences the result” (e.g., SN 12.46), and refusing to locate any enduring subject across moments of experience. ---------- This raises some difficult interpretive questions:- 1. What is the referent of 'attā' in the Attavaggo? Is it a purely conventional designation for the five aggregates, a pragmatic moral subject, or something else entirely? What kind of continuity does the Attavaggo assume when it appeals to concern for one’s future self? 2. If this continuity is merely causal rather than identical, why is it framed in the language of attā (self) rather than impersonal conditionality? 3. If self-discipline presupposes self-evaluation, which presupposes self-monitoring, which presupposes… ad infinitum, how does the Attavaggo avoid an infinite regress without invoking an enduring subject? I am not asking whether the Buddha affirms a metaphysical self, but whether the Attavaggo’s ethical logic presupposes a residual reflexive agency that is paradoxically necessary for moral efficacy and yet formally incompatible with anattā. Answers grounded in Pāli textual analysis, Nikāya discussions of identity and continuity, or early commentarial attempts to reconcile ethics with non-self are especially welcome.

I have been interested in the Dzogchen practice of Thogal. Would you suggest any sources or websites about this?

I have been practicing Vipassana for quite a while (2 and a half years). Now, I want to also dwell into the teachings of Buddha as presented in Suttas and apply those teaching in my everyday life. I have read a bit about the Majjhima Nikaya and the Samyutta Nikaya but I'm in a dilemma and not sure whether or not other Nikayas are suitable for a beginner. With which Sutta (Nikaya) should I start with?

I've always found the imagery of Vajrapani (a wrathful Bodhisattva) very evocative. I'm reading a little bit about him and how his form is to do with energy and power in service of the Dharma so he is of course a positive figure. But I'm just wondering if anyone knows about the history of this figure and wrathful deities like him. Is he from the Tibetan culture and does he predate Buddhism coming into that country. Also is he a deity that perhaps had negative connotations (a demon perhaps) that Buddhism has co-opted?

In this book about Bodhisattvas it says that traditionally Buddhism can cause longevity in a way that parallels the longevity that is sought after by Taoism. This kind of longevity arises in the same way that the psychic powers do i.e. it is a natural result of practice but it isn't the end point and it isn't something that should be grasped after. This is the first time I have heard of Buddhism in connection with longevity. Has anyone got any further details about this and perhaps some textual references where this is referred to? Please note - I'm not interested in scientific studies or connections to well-being/stress reduction and similar in this question. I want to focus on the texts and traditions rather than more modern studies. Many Thanks

In this Partially Examined Life podcast , the presenters stated that when Buddhism moved into Chinese, it naturally was influenced by the pre-existing Taoist philosophy. This is uncontroversial. However, they went on to make a stronger claim: > it was the influence of Taoism that was responsible for the development of Mahayana. That is quite a claim and obviously the real position is more complex. However, is there any truth in that statement? Was Taoism instrumental in the development of Mahayana Buddhism?

In the Tevijja Sutta (DN 13 ), the Buddha addresses Brahmin students who are described as being learned in the Vedas and belonging to specific Brahmanical lineages. The sutta explicitly situates its interlocutors within the orthodox Vedic tradition, often identified within the Yajurvedic and Sāmavedic recensions:- > Even though brahmins describe different paths—the Adhvaryu brahmins, > the **Taittirīya brahmins, the Chāndogya brahmins**, the Cāndrāyaṇa > brahmins, and the Bahvṛca brahmins—all of them still lead someone who > practices them to the company of Divinity These Brahmins understood as followers of what I suppose were the Taittirīya and Chāndogya Upaniṣadic traditions of the time claim knowledge of the path to union or “company with Brahmā” (brahmasahavyatā). The Buddha responds by redefining the path to Brahmā not through birth, sacrifice, or Vedic recitation, but through the cultivation of the four brahmavihāras. > “So it seems that that mendicant is not encumbered with possessions, > and neither is the Divinity. Would a mendicant who is not encumbered > with possessions join together and converge with the Divinity, who > isn’t encumbered with possessions?” > > “Yes, worthy Gotama.” > > “Good, Vāseṭṭha! **It’s quite possible that a mendicant who is not > encumbered with possessions will, when the body breaks up, after > death, be reborn in the company of Divinity, who isn’t encumbered with > possessions.** Is the Buddha’s teaching of “Brahmasahavyatā” in the Tevijja Sutta intended as a normative soteriological teaching for Buddhists, or is it better understood as a skillful means (upāya) directed specifically at non-Buddhist Brahmins or Followers of Upanishadic traditions, reframing their own theological goal in ethical and meditative terms without endorsing it as final liberation (nibbāna)?

In the Aggivacchasutta (MN 72 ), the Buddha responds to Vacchagotta’s inquiry about the status of a tathāgata after the attainment of cessation by invoking the simile of a fire that has become quenched due to the exhaustion of its fuel:- > “But Vaccha, suppose they were to ask you: ‘This fire in front of you > that is quenched: in what direction did it go—east, south, west, or > north?’ How would you answer?” > > “It doesn’t apply, worthy Gotama. The fire depended on grass and logs > as fuel. When that runs out, and no more fuel is added, the fire is > reckoned to have become quenched due to lack of fuel.” > > “In the same way, Vaccha, any form by which a realized one might be > described has been given up, cut off at the root, made like a palm > stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future. A realized one > is freed from reckoning in terms of form. They’re deep, immeasurable, > and hard to fathom, like the ocean. **‘They’re reborn’, ‘they’re not > reborn’, ‘they’re both reborn and not reborn’, ‘they’re neither reborn > nor not reborn’—none of these apply.** > > Any feeling … perception … choices … consciousness by which a realized > one might be described has been given up, cut off at the root, made > like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future. A > realized one is freed from reckoning in terms of consciousness. > They’re deep, immeasurable, and hard to fathom, like the ocean. > **‘They’re reborn’, ‘they’re not reborn’, ‘they’re both reborn and not > reborn’, ‘they’re neither reborn nor not reborn’—none of these apply.”** I have questions about how this functions at a technical level within early Buddhist thought. 1. If the aggregates are indeed the sole conditions under which an individual can emerge and be identified, what is the precise significance of the Buddha’s negation of all four alternatives - reborn, not reborn, both, and neither? 2. Is the primary function of this passage to dissolve only to speculative fixation that obstructs liberation, or does it also imply a principled metaphysical account of why post-liberation or even post-mortem identity claims fail at the level of causal analysis? 3. Does the fire simile warrant the conclusion that once causal supports or aggregates are exhausted, questions framed in terms of existence or non-existence become category errors rather than unanswered questions?

Why are the three marks (consolidated) not directly included in the Satipatthana Sutta - supposedly the most important of all discourses? Not in the section of principles, but indirectly with regards to the body: > *They meditate observing the body as liable to originate, as liable to vanish, and as liable to both originate and vanish.* Perhaps it is due to the later historical ontological organization of those three messages? Any tangential ideas are welcome.

The previous years of my life feels like a dream. I was happily living, consumed with studies, learning things, watching youtube and stuff, enjoying a lot, mind was busy in various entertaining stuffs. But, I don't know how it started, but all those passions are waning. Its almost as if I've forgotten how to live. Live as in the previous ways of my living. I am now trying to find a way to live as I've lived in the past but can't seem to go back to the old ways. I mean I want to find something fun for my mind as I had in the past but I just cant bring up enough passion. What is happening to me ?