In Revelation 20:11 (KJV), it says: >*“And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away...”* This verse describes the **Great White Throne Judgment**, a central event in Christian eschatology. However, Scripture does not explicitly say whether the throne itself was created (as part of creation) or whether it is eternal — existing with God before creation. From a Christian theological perspective, is the Great White Throne: - A **created object**, like the rest of the heavens and earth, or - An **eternal and divine seat**, inseparable from God's being? Do any Christian traditions (e.g., Catholic, Orthodox, Reformed, etc.) address the nature and origin of this throne in their teachings or theological writings?

In Revelation 4 we see the Lord God Almighty sitting on the throne of heaven, who is described as the Creator of all things: >**Revelation 4:8** And the four beasts had each of them six wings about him; and they were full of eyes within: and they rest not day and night, saying, *Holy, holy, holy, **Lord God Almighty**, which was, and is, and is to come.* > >**9** And when those beasts give glory and honour and thanks to **him that sat on the throne**, who liveth for ever and ever, **10** The four and twenty elders fall down before him that sat on the throne, and worship him that liveth for ever and ever, and cast their crowns before the throne, saying, > >**11** Thou art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honour and power: *for thou hast **created all things**, and for thy pleasure they are and were **created.*** In the next chapter, we read that *the Lamb is in the **midst of the throne*** with the elders. The Lamb takes the scroll from the 1 who is sitting **on the Throne** being worshiped as the **Creator of everything.** >**Revelation 5:6** And I beheld, and, lo, in the midst of the throne and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood **a Lamb** as it had been slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all the earth. **7** And **he came and took the book out of the right hand of him that sat upon the throne.** Now in the Old Testament we frequently see **YHWH** described as the **Creator of everything**: Isaiah 44:24 (NASB) >Thus says **YHWH**, your Redeemer, and the one who formed you from the womb, “I, YHWH, am the maker of all things, Stretching out the heavens **by Myself** and spreading out the earth all **alone.** Isaiah 45:18 (NASB) >For thus says **YHWH**, who created the heaven (He is the God who formed the earth and made it, He established it and did not create it a waste place, but formed it to be inhabited), **“I am YHWH, and there is none else.** Hebrews 1:10 quotes the psalmist: >“You, **YHWH**, in the beginning laid the foundation of the earth, And the heavens are the work of Your **hands**.." **YHWH is 1.** ('echâd) Putting all these verses together, one might conclude that it is YHWH who creates all things and sits on the throne, and the Lamb is someone else. But is this what Trinitarians think? According to Trinitarian interpretations of Revelation 4 & 5, who is being worshiped as the Lord God Almighty who created the heavens and earth? And who is this lamb who takes the scroll from the Creator's right hand? For further clarity: "God is on the throne" does not answer the question. Which person/substance/essence/nature of the trinity concept is on the throne being worshipped as the 1 who created everything? Scripture identifies "God Almighty" as YHWH. He declares this of Himself. Genesis 17:1 Authorized (King James) Version >And when Abram was ninety years old and nine, ***YHWH*** appeared to Abram, and said unto him, ***I am the Almighty God***; walk before me, and be thou perfect. Exodus 6:3 Authorized (King James) Version >and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of ***God Almighty***, but by my name ***YHWH*** was I not known to them.

We often say or sing that Jesus is currently enthroned in heaven or seated on His throne in heaven. However, does Jesus instead teach that He won't sit on His throne before the Second Coming (Matt. 19:28; 25:31; Luke 1:32)? Furthermore, don't the Scriptures teach that at present, rather than being on the throne, Jesus is "seated at **the right hand of the throne** of the Majesty in the heavens" (Heb. 8:1, NKJV, emphasis mine; cf. 12:2)? It seems as if He isn't seated on the throne even now but is rather seated *next to* the throne. Am I missing something? It does seem familiar to me that a verse exists describing Jesus as presently on a throne, but I can't recall where in the Bible, if anywhere, such is said. Do the Scriptures teach that Jesus is on His throne now, or is that only a future event? **Note:** I am not looking for "Jesus is outside time anyway" answers, as this type of response distracts from the real issue. Regardless of whether Jesus may perform some acts outside of time, there are clearly events He's done within time, such as coming to the earth. Likewise, Christ's being seated at God's right hand also appears to be an event in time, for example, taking place after His ascension.

The hymn *I Gave My Life For Thee* has the following verse (emphasis added): > My Father's house of light, > > **My glory-circled throne** > > I left for earthly night, > > For wanderings sad and lone It appears to present the speaker, Jesus, as having a "glory-circled throne" that He left when He came to this world. However, does Jesus instead teach that He won't sit on His throne before the Second Coming (Matt. 19:28; 25:31; Luke 1:32)? Furthermore, don't the Scriptures teach that at present, rather than being on the throne, Jesus is "seated at **the right hand of the throne** of the Majesty in the heavens" (Heb. 8:1, NKJV, emphasis mine; cf. 12:2)? It seems as if He isn't seated on the throne even now but is rather seated *next to* the throne. (Actually, this isn't entirely accurate. See "Update.") Am I missing something? Can Jesus be spoken of as having a "glory-circled throne" before His first coming, one that He left behind after coming to earth? **Update:** Jesus certainly can be spoken of as being enthroned ever since His ascension: "To him who overcomes I will grant to sit with Me on My throne, **as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on His throne**" (Revelation 3:21, NKJV, emphasis added). But is Jesus spoken of as being enthroned _prior to His incarnation_?

**New International Version** >To the one who is victorious, I will give > the right to sit with me on my throne, just as I was victorious and > sat down with my Father on his throne. **New Living Translation** >Those who are victorious will sit with me on my > throne, just as I was victorious and sat with my Father on his throne. **English Standard Version** >The one who conquers, I will grant him to sit > with me on my throne, as I also conquered and sat down with my Father > on his throne. From what I can gather, there are two thrones spoken of here. How do modalist sects explain this verse?

Jesus is pictured as "sitting" at the right hand of God, rather than standing, in most of the New Testament. But Stephen saw Jesus "standing" in Acts 7:55. Then in verse 58 they cast him out of the city and stoned him to death. Did he break a law or were they mad because Stephen was insinuating the fulfillment of a particular prophecy?

Please answer! I have been wondering for ages! I have tried google and all sorts, but can't find the answer.

The Bible speaks of the "Judgment Seat of Christ" as well as the "Great White Throne" judgment. What is the difference between these two judgments and who will be at each? > For we must all appear before **the judgment seat of Christ**, so that > each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, > whether good or evil. [2 Corinthians 5:10 ESV](http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Corinthians%205:10&version=ESV) > "And I saw a **great white throne**, and him that sat on it, from > whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no > place for them. And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; > and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is [the > book] of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were > written in the books, according to their works. And the sea gave up > the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead > which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their > works. And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the > second death. And whosoever was not found written in the book of life > was cast into the lake of fire". [Revelation 20:11-15 ESV](http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%2020:11-15&version=ESV)

What is God's throne like? I have heard many things such as, his throne is made of Gold, his throne is made of celestial sapphire stone, that his throne is white, that his throne is technological and he uses it as a throne/vehicle. Are there any references to descriptions of the Throne of God in the Bible (including deuterocanonicals if necessary) and/or from early Patristic Fathers?