How did the disciples' view of the messiah evolve?

Numerous miracles and theophanies in the New Testament make clear the Christ was perceived to be divine. A range of epithets were used across the books, such as "Son of the Living God" Matthew 16:16, as well as the beautiful and famous words of John 1:1. What I would like to explore is: as miraculous as it all was, some components of the pre-existing requirements of the "messianic prophecy" were not fulfilled. Clearly, Christianity and Judaism are distinct, but the New Testament transpires in a Jewish setting nonetheless. Let us not forget that the disciples themselves were Jewish. The requirements of how to recognize the messiah seem to date back over 2,500 years. The Old Testament as well as portions of other books, such as the [Book of Zephaniah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Zephaniah) enumerate the principal prerequisites (not exhaustive): - A male descendant of the Jewish King David - Human (no hypostasis) - A great military and political leader - Able to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem - Ruler over humanity So perhaps it's less about whether or not Christ *could* do these things, presumably he could. It's more about, given that he did not or was not, the disciples adapted their understanding of what the messiah really is without needing those things in the above list for affirmation.

Question

Given the geographic and socio-religious context placing the events of the New Testament in an ancient Israel deeply steeped in traditional/Rabbinical teachings, what evidence do we have (scriptural, scholarly, or otherwise) to help us understand how or why the disciples were able to accept Christ as Messiah while not undertaking the rigorous check-the-box exercise that they were most likely at least familiar with? **Note:** The context and translation accuracy from/into Koine Greek for Μεσσίας is relevant here, but for simplicity's sake we can speak in generalities as there seems to be plenty of references to Christ as the Messiah throughout the New Testament or at least hinting at as in the case of John 1:19.