Is there really any connection between Augustine's background as a Manichaean and his idea of priestly celibacy?
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"Some have argued that Augustine of Hippo never really shook himself entirely free from his Manichaean upbringing, with its intrinsic distaste for sexuality and understanding of eroticism as a work of shameful evil, and **that through him Manichaean tinges have survived in Western Christianity ever since.**"
(John Anthony McGuckin. The Path of Christianity: The First Thousand Years )
I know that in the Roman Local Church, until about the 4th century, there was no mandatory practice of priestly celibacy:
- George T. Dennis SJ, professor of Catholic University of America, says: "**There is simply no clear evidence of a general tradition or practice, much less of an obligation, of priestly celibacy-continence before the beginning of the fourth century.**"
(Dennis, George T. SJ on Cochini, *The Apostolic Origins of Priestly Celibacy* (book review), *Theological Studies*, 52:4 (1991:Dec.) p.738)
- Philippe Delhaye wrote: "**During the first three or four centuries, no law was promulgated prohibiting clerical marriage.** Celibacy was a matter of choice for bishops, priests, and deacons. [...] The apostolic constitutions (c. 400) excommunicated a priest or bishop who left his wife 'under pretense of piety' (*Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio* 1:51)."
(Philippe Delhaye, "Celibacy, Clerical, History of" in *New Catholic Encyclopedia* Vol. 3, Catholic University of America, p.370)
- "Early heretics, such as Manichaeans and Montanists, added a negative influence by proclaiming that sexual expression – including that of the laity – was impure. Catholic leaders, such as St. Augustine, taught that Original Sin was transmitted through intercourse. Therefore, abstinence and virginity was the ideal life and only the weak should marry. However, most bishops and presbyters continued to marry. When monastic spirituality became popular in the fourth and fifth centuries, it promoted the ideal of celibacy as a model for all priests."
(Dues, Greg (1992). *Catholic customs & traditions: a popular guide* (Rev. and expanded. ed.). Mystic, Conn.: Twenty-Third Publications. pp. 168, 169.)
**Question**: Is there really any connection between Augustine's background as a Manichaean and his idea of priestly celibacy?
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Jun 25, 2024, 11:49 AM
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