How can Jesus Christ be a "mediator between God and men" when he himself is fully God?
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According to the Thayer's Greek Lexicon , the word "mediator" (greek: mesités) has the meaning of:
> one who intervenes between two, either in order to make or restore
> peace and friendship, or to form, or for ratifying a
> covenant: a medium of communication, arbitrator
> i. e. every mediator, whoever acts as mediator, does not belong to one party but to two or more
"One who intervenes between two" implies the mediator to be a third distinct person, party or entity.
The noun "mediator" occurs 6 times in the Bible:
1) **Galatians 3:19**
> What purpose then does the law serve? It was added because of
> transgressions, till the Seed should come to whom the promise was
> made; and it was appointed through angels by the hand of a **mediator**. - Galatians 3:19
The unnamed mediator in this verse is **Moses**. The Law covenant involved two parties. It was made between YHWH and the nation of Israel, with Moses as mediator.
2) **Galatians 3:20**
> Now a **mediator** does not mediate for one only, but God is one. - Galatians 3:20
Paul is discussing the covenant that God made with Abraham. YHWH made this covenant which was a one-sided *promise*, and it was up to Him to fulfill it. He set forth no conditions that Abraham had to meet. (Ga 3:18) Hence why no mediator was required in the covenant with Abraham.
3) **1. Timothy 2:5**
> For there is one God and one **Mediator** between God and men, the Man Christ Jesus - 1.Timothy 2:5
4) Hebrews 8:6
> But now He (Jesus) has obtained a more excellent ministry, inasmuch as He is
> also **Mediator** of a better covenant, which was established on better
> promises. - Hebrews 8:6
5) Hebrews 9:15
> And for this reason He (Jesus) is the **Mediator** of the new covenant, by means
> of death, for the redemption of the transgressions under the first
> covenant, that those who are called may receive the promise of the
> eternal inheritance. - Hebrews 9:15
6) Hebrews 12:24
> to Jesus the **Mediator** of the new covenant, and to the blood of
> sprinkling that speaks better things than that of Abel. - Hebrews 12:24
Jesus is called “a mediator of a new covenant.” Jesus “gave Himself as a ransom for all,” laying the basis for men and women of all sorts to be brought into the new covenant. (1 Timothy 2:6)
> Trinitarians believe that Jesus intercedes **with the Father** on our
> behalf. He can do this because he is a distinct person, and he is the
> only competent mediator because only God can truly mediate with
> himself. (https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/30648/65225)
GotQuestians , a protestant website says:
> As man and God, Jesus is uniquely equipped to represent both sides. He
> **alone** stands in the gap between God and man. He alone meets the
> righteous requirements of the law, opening the way into God’s presence
> once and for all through His death on the cross and resurrection to
> life
However, by definition , a mediator is a **third party** who can represent both party interests, who acts as a go-between between 2 parties.
In the case of the Law covenant:
- God (1st party)---Moses (Mediator)---Ancient Israelites (2nd party)
In the case of the New covenant it should look like:
- God (1st party)---Jesus (Mediator)---Sinful Humans (2nd party)
According to Trinitarian doctrine, Jesus is both fully God and fully Human. His origin being both human and divine does indeed make him the ideal and unique candidate for mediation, as no one can represent both sides better.
The problem is Jesus being fully God (of which there is just ONE). Because if He is fully God according to Trinitarian doctrine, He fully IS the 1st party, in which case he can no longer be, by definition, his own mediator.
While Jesus is believed to be fully **Man** as well, he IS not fully **MEN**/mankind/humanity, just as Moses fully was an Israelite, but was not fully the Nation of Israel.
In the trinitarian sense, it would then look like this:
- God (mediator & 1st party)--- _________ ---Sinful Humans(2nd party)
There's no mediation here, as the mediator link in-between is missing.
One solution attempt: from the quotes above, it is implied that the mediation happens between the first person of the Trinity, the Father, and Christians, with Jesus as the second person, distinct from the Father, who stands "**alone** in the gap between God and man" as the mediator.
It would then look like this:
- God the Father + God the Holy Spirit (1st party)---God the
Son(Mediator)---Sinful Humans (2nd party)
However, the mediation happens between **God** (not God the Father + HS only) and men according to 1. Timothy 2:5. **God** is one holistic party, and should not be divided into persons (Hebrews 3:20). Jesus pleads for us "at the right hand of **God**", not God the Father + HS only (Romans 8:34; Hebrews 7:25). He appears before **God** on our behalf, not God the Father only (Hebrews 9:24).
When the Bible speaks about the true God, it always means the triune God and not a distinct person of the Godhead.
So how can Jesus, a person of the triune God, who is the triune God, be a mediator between that triune God and men?
Asked by Js Witness
(2416 rep)
Apr 29, 2024, 09:02 PM
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