Which church father first taught the perpetual virginity of Mary?

Reformed theologian Herman Bavinck, in his *Reformed Dogmatics*, III, §366, briefly deals with Mary's perpetual virginity, and touches on the doctrine's history: > We do not yet find this idea of Mary's continuing virginity during and after the the birth of Jesus in the church fathers before Nicea. Tertullian, Origen, and Irenaeus do not yet attest a virginity in childbirth, and Tertullian also rejects the virginity after the birth. Bavinck seems to discount the Protevangelium of James as not being the work of a church father, and for not mentioning Mary's continued virginity after Jesus' birth. He then goes on to identify a wide variety of post-Nicene authors who teach Mary's virginity both *during* and *after* the birth. This understanding seems to contradict Wikipedia, which cites a Karl Rahner's 2004 *Encyclopedia of theology* when it says: > Irenaeus (c.130 – c.202) taught perpetual virginity, along with other Marian themes. In light of this disagreement, **I'd like to know which church father was first to teach the complete doctrine, that is, the virginity of Mary both *during* and *after* the birth of Jesus.** I don't think it will matter, but we can include Tertullian and Origen as church fathers here. And as always, primary sources will be much appreciated.